Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are extremely promising for show applied sciences as a result of their distinctive optical traits, similar to tunable emission wavelengths, slim emission spectra, and very good photoluminescence quantum yields. Over the past decade, each educational and industrial analysis have considerably superior quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) know-how, primarily by way of the event of higher-quality QDs and extra refined system constructions. A key component of those developments contains progress within the electron transport layer (ETL) know-how, with steel oxide (MO) nanoparticles (NPs) like ZnO and ZnMgO rising as superior selections as a result of their strong efficiency. However, scalability challenges, similar to particle agglomeration and optimistic growing old, have prompted analysis into natural semiconductors that match the efficiency of MO NPs. This evaluate goals to offer an in depth examination and complete understanding of latest advances and challenges in ETLs primarily based on each MO NPs and natural semiconductors, guiding future commercialization efforts for QLEDs.
