Immune profiling offers insights into the functioning of the immune system, together with the distribution, abundance, and exercise of immune cells. This understanding is crucial for deciphering how the immune system responds to pathogens, vaccines, tumors, and different stimuli. Analyzing numerous immune cell sorts facilitates the event of personalised medication approaches by characterizing particular person variations in immune responses. With detailed immune profiles, clinicians can tailor therapy methods to the precise immune standing and desires of every affected person, maximizing therapeutic efficacy whereas minimizing hostile results. On this evaluation, we focus on the evolution of immune profiling, from interrogating bulk cell samples in resolution to evaluating the spatially-rich molecular profiles throughout intact preserved tissue sections. We additionally evaluation varied multiplexed imaging platforms lately developed, primarily based on immunofluorescence and imaging mass spectrometry, and their influence on the sector of immune profiling. Figuring out and localizing varied immune cell sorts throughout a affected person’s pattern has already supplied vital insights into understanding illness development, the event of novel focused therapies, and predicting therapy response. We additionally provide a brand new perspective by highlighting the unprecedented potential of nanoparticles (NPs) that may open new horizons in immune profiling. NPs are recognized to supply enhanced detection sensitivity, focusing on specificity, biocompatibility, stability, multimodal imaging options, and multiplexing capabilities. Subsequently, we summarize the latest developments and benefits of NPs, which might contribute to advancing our understanding of immune perform to facilitate precision medication. Total, NPs have the potential to supply a flexible and strong method to profile the immune system with improved effectivity and multiplexed imaging energy.